World Aquatics facts for kids
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| Sport |
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|---|---|
| Jurisdiction | International |
| Abbreviation | WA (World Aquatics) |
| Founded | 19 July 1908 |
| Affiliation | Association of Summer Olympic International Federations (ASOIF) |
| Headquarters | Lausanne, Switzerland |
| President | Husain Al-Musallam |
| Replaced | International Swimming Federation |
| Official website | |
World Aquatics, formerly known as FINA (French: Fédération internationale de natation; English: International Swimming Federation), is the international federation recognised by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for administering international competitions in water sports. It is one of several international federations which administer a given sport or discipline for both the IOC and the international community. It is based in Lausanne, Switzerland.
Founded as FINA (Fédération internationale de natation; International Swimming Federation) in 1908, the federation was officially renamed World Aquatics in January 2023.
World Aquatics currently oversees competition in six aquatics sports: swimming, diving, high diving, artistic swimming, water polo, and open water swimming. World Aquatics also oversees "Masters" competition (for adults) in its disciplines.
Contents
History
FINA was founded on 19 July 1908 in the Manchester Hotel in London, at the end of the 1908 Summer Olympics. Eight national federations were responsible for the formation of FINA: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary and Sweden.
In 1973 the first FINA World Championships were staged in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, with competitions held in swimming, water polo, diving and synchronised swimming.
In 1986 the first permanent FINA office was opened in Lausanne, Switzerland.
In 1991 open water swimming was added to the program of the FINA World Championships.
In 1993 the first edition of the FINA World Swimming Championships (25m) was staged in Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
In 2010 FINA convened the first edition of the FINA World Aquatics Convention in Punta del Este, Uruguay.
In 2013 high diving was added to the program of the FINA World Championships.
In 2015 FINA staged the first dual FINA World Championships and FINA World Masters Championships in Kazan Russia, run consecutively in the one city for the first time.
In 2018 FINA celebrated 110 years by inaugurating a new headquarters in Lausanne, Switzerland.
On 12 December 2022, during the Extraordinary General Congress held in Melbourne, Australia, the Congress approved a new Constitution and voted to adopt a new name for the organisation, World Aquatics.
Number of national federations by year:
- 1908: 8
- 1928: 38
- 1958: 75
- 1978: 106
- 1988: 109
- 2000: 174
- 2008: 197
- 2010: 202
- 2012: 203
- 2015: 208
- 2016: 207
- 2017: 209
- 2023: 208
Members
In June 2017, Bhutan became the 208th national member federation of FINA (now World Aquatics); and on 30 November 2017, Anguilla became the 209th national member federation. In 2023 the Philippines were removed from the list of member federations on the World Aquatics website. At the World Aquatics Championships in Fukuoka in July 2023 athletes from the Philippines were still competing as 'Suspended Member Federation', however by the World Aquatics Junior Swimming Championships in September 2023, athletes from the Philippines were required to compete as 'Neutral Independent Athletes'. Athletes from Kenya currently compete as 'Suspended Member Federation', while athletes from Russia and Belarus are currently banned from competing, but the nation's are still listed as member federations. World Aquatics also permits athletes not affiliated with a member federation to compete at events under the 'Athlete Refugee Team' banner. Members are grouped by continent, and there are 5 continental associations of which they can choose to be a member:
- Africa (52): African Swimming Confederation (CANA)
- Americas (45): Swimming Union of the Americas (ASUA)
- Asia (44): Asia Swimming Federation (AASF)
- Europe (52): European Swimming League (LEN)
- Oceania (15): Oceania Swimming Association (OSA)
Note: The number following each continental name is the number of World Aquatics members which fall into the given geographical area. It is not necessarily the number of members in the continental association.
Organisation & Structure
Under the new World Aquatics Constitution, ratified in December 2022, under clause 12, the following bodies are established to govern and administer World Aquatics:
- The Congress
- The Bureau
- The Executive
- The Aquatics Integrity Unit
- The Athletes Committee
- The Technical Committees
- The Specialised Committees
The World Aquatics Congress is the highest authority of World Aquatics and shall have the power to decide upon any matters arising within World Aquatics. A Congress is held either as an Ordinary Congress or as an Extraordinary Congress. A Congress may be held in person, by teleconference, by video conference or by another means of communication. Voting by correspondence (including email) and/or online is permitted. An Ordinary Congress shall be held every two (2) years, in principle at the site and on the occasion of the World Championships or of another major World Aquatics event. An Extraordinary Congress shall be convened either by a decision of the Bureau or following a request in writing submitted to the Bureau by email by at least one fifth (1/5) of the Members. Each Member shall be represented by up to two (2) duly appointed delegates with voting rights. Each of the twenty (20) elected members of the Athletes Committee shall have one (1) vote at a Congress. The Honorary President is chair with no voting power. Continental Organisations can appoint up to two (2) representatives who may attend the Congress as observers, without any voting power.
The World Aquatics Bureau consists of the President and thirty-nine (39) Bureau Members:
- President: The President is elected by the Congress.
- Continental Representatives: Twenty-two (22) Bureau Members are elected by the Congress as continental representatives distributed geographically and per gender as follows: Africa: five (5), with no more than three (3) representatives of a single gender; America: five (5), with no more than three (3) representatives of a single gender; Asia: five (5), with no more than three (3) representatives of a single gender; Europe: five (5), with no more than three (3) representatives of a single gender; and Oceania: two (2), with one (1) of each gender. From these roles elected are five (5) Vice Presidents, one from each of the five Continents, including the First Vice President and the Second Vice President; and the Treasurer.
- World-at-Large Bureau Members: Sixteen (16) additional Bureau Members are elected by the Congress as World-at-Large Bureau Members, distributed geographically and per gender as follows: Africa: three (3), with no more than two (2) representatives of a single gender; America: four (4), with no more than three (3) representatives of a single gender; Asia: four (4), with no more than three (3) representatives of a single gender; Europe: four (4), with no more than three (3) representatives of a single gender; and Oceania: one (1), female or male.
- Athletes Committee: The Chair of the Athletes Committee is ex officio a Bureau Member.
Various committees and commissions also help with the oversight of individual disciplines (e.g. the Technical Open Water Swimming Committee helps with open water), or topic-related issues (e.g. the World Aquatics Doping Panel). The organization signed an agreement with the Hungarian government in May 2023, planning to relocate its headquarters from Switzerland to Budapest, Hungary. However, the FINA Congress needs to approve unanimously in order for the relocation to be finalized.
Current bureau members
| Office | Officeholder | Country |
|---|---|---|
| President | Husain Al-Musallam | Kuwait |
| First Vice President | Sam Ramsamy | South Africa |
| Second Vice President | Matthew Dunn | Australia |
| Treasurer | Dale Neuburger | United States |
| Vice President | Juan Carlos Orihuela | Paraguay |
| António Silva | Portugal | |
| Zhou Jihong | China | |
| Executive Director | Brent Nowicki | United States |
Presidents
Each presidential term is four years, beginning and concluding with the year following the Summer Olympics.
| FINA/World Aquatics presidents | ||
|---|---|---|
| Name | Country | Term |
| George Hearn |  Great Britain |
1908–1924 |
| Erik Bergvall |  Sweden |
1924–1928 |
| Émile-Georges Drigny |  France |
1928–1932 |
| Walther Binner |  Germany |
1932–1936 |
| Harold Fern | Great Britain |
1936–1948 |
| Rene de Raeve |  Belgium |
1948–1952 |
| M.L. Negri |  Argentina |
1952–1956 |
| Jan de Vries |  Netherlands |
1956–1960 |
| Max Ritter | West Germany |
1960–1964 |
| William Berge Phillips |  Australia |
1964–1968 |
| Javier Ostos Mora |  Mexico |
1968–1972 |
| Harold Henning |  United States |
1972–1976 |
| Javier Ostos Mora (2nd term) | Mexico |
1976–1980 |
| Ante Lambaša |  Yugoslavia |
1980–1984 |
| Robert Helmick | United States |
1984–1988 |
| Mustapha Larfaoui |  Algeria |
1988–2009 |
| Julio Maglione |  Uruguay |
2009–2021 |
| Husain Al-Musallam |  Kuwait |
2021–present |
Events
World Aquatics Championships
World Aquatics' largest event is the biennial World Aquatics Championships, traditionally held every odd year, where all of the six aquatic disciplines are contested. A 50m length pool is used for swimming races.
The World Open Water Swimming Championships (also known as 'Open Water Worlds') is part of the World Aquatics Championships. Additional standalone editions of the Open Water Championships were also held in the even years from 2000 to 2010.
The World Masters Championships (also known as 'Masters Worlds) is open to athletes 25 years and above (30+ years in water polo) in each aquatics discipline excluding high diving and has been held as part of the World Aquatics Championships since 2015. Prior to this, the Masters Championship was held separately, biennially in even years.
Prior to the 9th World Aquatics Championships in Fukuoka in 2001, the championships had been staged at various intervals of two to four years. From 2001 to 2019 the championships were held biennially in odd years. Due to interruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic, travel restrictions, and host venues withdrawing from hosting championships and World Aquatics withdrawing the rights to host championships, from 2022 to 2025 the championships will be staged in every year until resuming to biennial from 2025 onwards.
Stand-alone discipline competitions
World Aquatics also organizes separate tournaments and series for individual disciplines, including competitions for juniors.
Discipline world tournaments
- Swimming: World Swimming Championships (25m), (also known as 'Short Course Worlds', an even-years biennial event held in 25m length pool)
- Water polo: Men's and Women's Water Polo World Cup, replacing the former Water Polo World Leagues
- Diving: Diving World Cup (biennial)
- High diving: High Diving World Cup (annual)
Discipline world series
- Swimming: Swimming World Cup (annual usually in 25m pool, but held in 50m pool in pre-Olympic years)
- Diving: Diving World Series (annual)
- Artistic swimming: Artistic Swimming World Cup (annual - called World Series 2017–2022)
- Open water swimming: Marathon Swim World Series (annual)
Junior championships
World-level championships restricted to a younger age, with the age limit varying by discipline and gender:
- Swimming: World Junior Swimming Championships (biennial)
- Water polo: Junior and Youth Water Polo World Championships (biennial)
- Diving: World Junior Diving Championships (biennial)
- Artistic swimming: World Junior Artistic Swimming Championships (biennial)
- Open water swimming: World Junior Open Water Swimming Championships (biennial)
Sport name changes
In 2017, FINA officially renamed the sport of synchronised swimming as Artistic Swimming for its competitions to reflect the expansion in evaluation criteria in the sport to include not only synchronization but other elements such as choreography and artistic expression.
Bans
Retired athletes
In relation to anti-doping rule violations, World Aquatics does enact suspensions on athletes who are retired from their respective sport at the time of ban implementation, with examples including Lithuanian Rūta Meilutytė (2019–2021) and Russians Artem Lobuzov (2021–2025), Alexandra Sokolova (2021–2025), and Artem Podyakov (2021–2025).
Russia and Belarus bans
Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials were banned from every FINA (World Aquatics) event through the end of 2022. FINA also cancelled FINA events in Russia, and banned Russian and Belarusian teams through to the 19th FINA World Championships Budapest 2022. In March 2022, after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, FINA banned all Russians and Belarusians from competing at the 2022 World Aquatics Championships and withdrew the 2022 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) from being held in Russia. This came after indefinitely banning athletes and officials of both countries from wearing the colours of their country, swimming representing their country with their country's name, and the playing of their country's national anthem in case an athlete from either country won an event. Additionally, times swum by Russians at non-FINA competitions for the April to December 2022 time frame did not count for world rankings nor world records. On the 4 September 2023, World Aquatics announced the capacity and criteria for Russian and Belarusian athletes to compete at competitions as 'Neutral Independent Athletes'.
See also
In Spanish: World Aquatics para niños
- History of competitive swimwear
- FINA Athletes of the Year
- World Aquatics Day
- International Swimming Hall of Fame (ISHOF)
- List of swimming competitions
- List of international sport federations
- Major achievements in swimming by nation
