Momčilo Krajišnik facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Momčilo Krajišnik
Момчило Крајишник |
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Krajišnik in 1996
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| 1st Serb Member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| In office 5 October 1996 – 13 October 1998 |
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| Prime Minister | Hasan Muratović |
| Preceded by | Tatjana Ljujić-Mijatović (as member of the Presidency of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina) |
| Succeeded by | Živko Radišić |
| 1st Speaker of the National Assembly of Republika Srpska | |
| In office 24 October 1991 – 19 October 1996 |
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| President | Radovan Karadžić Biljana Plavšić |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Dragan Kalinić |
| 13th Speaker of the People's Assembly of SR Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| In office 20 December 1990 – 25 January 1992 |
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| President | Alija Izetbegović |
| Prime Minister | Jure Pelivan |
| Preceded by | Zlatan Karavdić |
| Succeeded by | Mariofil Ljubić |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 20 January 1945 Sarajevo, PR Bosnia and Herzegovina, FPR Yugoslavia |
| Died | 15 September 2020 (aged 75) Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Citizenship | Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia |
| Political party | Serb Democratic Party |
| Alma mater | University of Sarajevo |
Momčilo Krajišnik (Serbian Cyrillic: Момчило Крајишник; 20 January 1945 – 15 September 2020) was a Bosnian Serb political leader, who along with Radovan Karadžić co-founded the Bosnian Serb nationalist Serb Democratic Party (SDS). Between 1990 and 1992, he was speaker of the People's Assembly of Republika Srpska. Between June and December 1992, Krajišnik also served as a member of the expanded Presidency of Republika Srpska. After the Bosnian War, he was elected Serb member of the tripartite Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the September 1996 election and served in that post from October 1996 until October 1998. He lost his bid for re-election in 1998 to Živko Radišić.
In 2006, Krajišnik was found guilty of committing crimes against humanity during the Bosnian War (1992–95) by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and was sentenced to 20 years in prison. He was later granted early release on 1 September 2013 and returned to Republika Srpska. Krajišnik died on 15 September 2020, in Banja Luka, as a result of complications caused by COVID-19.
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Early life
An ethnic Serb, Krajišnik was born in Zabrđe, a village near Sarajevo in central Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Political developments in Bosnia leading to the war
On 15 October 1991, the parliament of SR Bosnia and Herzegovina passed a resolution on the sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in spite of strong opposition from Bosnian Serb deputies. Ten days later, the Serb Democratic Party (SDS) formed a Bosnian Serb Assembly, with Momčilo Krajišnik acting as its president. The Bosnian Serb Assembly began establishing parallel government structures.
Participation in the Dayton negotiations
Krajišnik took part in the negotiations leading to the Dayton Agreement. He earned the nickname "Mr. No" for his uncompromising stance during negotiations. About that period, Richard Holbrooke noted in his memoirs:
As everybody who met him noted, Krajišnik had only one long and extraordinarily brushy eyebrow, which spanned his forehead, creating what looked like a permanent dark cloud over his deep-set eyes. Although Krajišnik had not been indicted by the War Crimes Tribunal – and could therefore participate in Dayton – it was hard to distinguish his views from those of his close friend Radovan Karadžić. Milošević had often said that Krajišnik was "more difficult" than Karadžić, but we had little basis on which to make an independent judgment. [...] He and Izetbegović knew each other well, from lengthy meetings in the Bosnian Assembly before the war. Krajišnik owned a five-hectare farm on the edge of Sarajevo, in an area that would probably revert to the Muslims in any settlement, and we often made bitter jokes that the war was really over Krajišnik's five hectares.
Indictment by the ICTY and arrest
Krajišnik was indicted by the ICTY on various charges of crimes against humanity in relation to acts committed in 1992 in Bosnia and Herzegovina by Bosnian Serb forces. He was tracked by French intelligence special forces 13e RDP. He was arrested on 3 April 2000 at Pale by French SEALs Commando Hubert which were part of SFOR.
Conviction by the ICTY
On 27 September 2006 Krajišnik was convicted of numerous crimes against humanity. He was sentenced to 27 years imprisonment. Krajišnik was acquitted of genocide or complicity in genocide on the grounds that the court had found no evidence of a genocidal intent on his part to destroy in full or part ethnic or religious communities.
On 17 March 2009, some charges were dropped and the sentence was reduced to 20 years.
Imprisonment and release
In 2009, Krajišnik was transferred to the UK under the UK's enforcement agreements with the ICTY to serve his sentence at HM Prison Belmarsh. In 2010, after a single year in prison, he filed a request for early release, which was rejected, as in practice the ICTY considers early release only after two thirds of the original sentence is served, unlike the UK where it is often considered after only half of the sentence is served.
In 2011, another request for early release was made, according to Krajišnik's brother, Mirko, in response to a British government initiative. Krajišnik said that the ICTY had received a proposal from the UK's Ministry of Justice that Momčilo Krajišnik, as a person serving a sentence in the UK, should apply for premature release based on the fact that he had served half his sentence. He had at that point been in prison both at The Hague and then in the UK since 3 April 2000.
On 1 September 2013, he was released from prison and went back to Republika Srpska after being granted early release by ICTY President Theodor Meron, having served two thirds of his 20 year sentence. After arriving in Banja Luka, a government helicopter flew him home to his wartime stronghold of Pale, where thousands of people welcomed him home. His supporters arrived by bus from across Republika Srpska and convoys of cars were on the streets of Pale with people waving Serbian flags, honking horns, and stopping at the main square as Serb nationalist songs were played.
Death
On 29 August 2020, Krajišnik was taken to the Banja Luka hospital after it was confirmed that he tested positive for COVID-19, amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The next day, on 30 August, his condition worsened and was put on a ventilator to help him breathe. Krajišnik died on 15 September 2020, in Banja Luka, as a result of complications caused by COVID-19.
See also
In Spanish: Momčilo Krajišnik para niños
