List of longest rivers of the United States (by main stem) facts for kids
The longest rivers of the United States include 38 that have main stems of at least 500 miles (800 km) long. The main stem is "the primary downstream segment of a river, as contrasted to its tributaries". The United States Geological Survey (USGS) defines a main-stem segment by listing coordinates for its two end points, called the source and the mouth. Some well-known rivers like the Atchafalaya, Willamette, and Susquehanna are not included in this list because their main stems are shorter than 500 miles.
Seven rivers in this list cross or form international boundaries. Two—the Yukon and Columbia rivers—begin in Canada and flow into the United States. Three—the Milk and Saint Lawrence rivers and the Red River of the North—begin in the United States and flow into Canada. Of these, only the Milk River crosses the international border twice, leaving and then re-entering the United States. Two rivers, the Colorado and the Rio Grande, begin in the United States and flow into or form a border with Mexico. In addition, the drainage basins of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers extend into Canada, and the basin of the Gila River extends into Mexico.
Sources report hydrological quantities with varied precision. Biologist and author Ruth Patrick, describing a table of high-discharge U.S. rivers, wrote that data on discharge, drainage area, and length varied widely among authors whose works she consulted. "It seems," she said, "that the wisest course is to regard data tables such as the present one as showing the general ranks of rivers, and not to place too much importance on minor (10–20%) differences in figures."
Table
The primary source for watershed and discharge data in the table below is Rivers of North America. Conflicting data from other sources, if the difference is greater than 10 percent, is reported in the notes. Discharge refers to the flow at the mouth. In the "States, provinces, and image" column, the superscripts "s" and "m" indicate "source" and "mouth". Non-U.S. states appear in italics. Except in the "States, provinces, and image" column, abbreviations are as follows: "km" for "kilometer", "mi" for "mile", "s" for "second", "m" for "meter", and "ft" for "foot".
Key | |||||
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River is not entirely within the United States. | |||||
Watershed is not entirely within the United States. |
# | Name | Length | States, provinces, and map | Source coordinates |
Mouth | Mouth coordinates |
Watershed area |
Discharge | Photo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Missouri River | 3,768 km |
2,341 miMontanas, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, Missourim | 45°55′39″N 111°30′29″W / 45.92750°N 111.50806°W | Mississippi River | 38°48′49″N 90°07′11″W / 38.81361°N 90.11972°W | 1,371,017 km2 |
529,353 mi21,956 m3/s |
69,100 ft3/s|
2 | Mississippi River | 3,766 km |
2,340miMinnesotas, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisianam | 47°14′22″N 95°12′29″W / 47.23944°N 95.20806°W | Gulf of Mexico | 29°09′04″N 89°15′12″W / 29.15111°N 89.25333°W | 3,270,000 km2 |
1,260,000 mi218,400 m3/s |
650,000 ft3/s|
3 | Yukon River | 3,190 km |
1,979 miBritish Columbias, Yukon Territory, Alaskam | 59°35′00″N 133°47′00″W / 59.58333°N 133.78333°W | Bering Sea | 62°35′55″N 164°48′00″W / 62.59861°N 164.80000°W | 839,200 km2 |
324,000 mi26,340 m3/s |
224,000 ft3/s|
4 | Rio Grande | 2,830 km |
1,759 miColorados, New Mexico, Texasm, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipasm | 37°47′52″N 107°32′18″W / 37.79778°N 107.53833°W | Gulf of Mexico | 25°57′22″N 97°08′43″W / 25.95611°N 97.14528°W | 870,000 km2 |
340,000 mi237 m3/s |
1,300 ft3/s|
5 | Colorado River | 2,330 km |
1,450 miColorados, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, California, Sonoram, Baja Californiam | 40°28′20″N 105°49′34″W / 40.47222°N 105.82611°W | Gulf of California | 31°48′57″N 114°48′22″W / 31.81583°N 114.80611°W | 642,000 km2 |
248,000 mi240 m3/s |
1,400 ft3/s|
6 | Arkansas River | 2,322 km |
1,443 miColorados, Kansas, Oklahoma, Arkansasm | 39°15′30″N 106°20′38″W / 39.25833°N 106.34389°W | Mississippi River | 33°46′30″N 91°04′15″W / 33.77500°N 91.07083°W | 414,910 km2 |
160,200 mi21,004 m3/s |
35,500 ft3/s|
7 | Columbia River | 2,000 km |
1,243 miBritish Columbias, Washingtonm, Oregonm | 50°13′00″N 115°51′00″W / 50.21667°N 115.85000°W | Pacific Ocean | 46°14′39″N 124°03′29″W / 46.24417°N 124.05806°W | 724,024 km2 |
279,548 mi27,730 m3/s |
273,000 ft3/s|
8 | Red River | 1,811 km |
1,125 miOklahomas, Texas, Arkansas, Louisianam | 34°34′35″N 99°57′54″W / 34.57639°N 99.96500°W | Atchafalaya and Mississippi rivers | 31°01′10″N 91°44′52″W / 31.01944°N 91.74778°W | 169,890 km2 |
65,590 mi2852 m3/s |
30,100 ft3/s|
9 | Snake River | 1,674 km |
1,040 miWyomings, Idaho, Oregon, Washingtonm | 44°07′49″N 110°13′10″W / 44.13028°N 110.21944°W | Columbia River | 46°11′10″N 119°01′43″W / 46.18611°N 119.02861°W | 281,000 km2 |
108,000 mi21,565 m3/s |
55,300 ft3/s|
10 | Ohio River | 1,575 km |
979 miPennsylvanias, Ohio, West Virginia, Indiana, Illinois, Kentuckym | 40°26′34″N 80°01′02″W / 40.44278°N 80.01722°W | Mississippi River | 36°59′12″N 89°07′50″W / 36.98667°N 89.13056°W | 529,000 km2 |
204,000 mi28,733 m3/s |
308,400 ft3/s|
11 | Colorado River of Texas | 1,560 km |
970 miTexass, m | 32°40′47″N 101°43′51″W / 32.67972°N 101.73083°W | Gulf of Mexico | 28°35′41″N 95°58′59″W / 28.59472°N 95.98306°W | 103,341 km2 |
39,900 mi275 m3/s |
2,600 ft3/s|
12 | Tennessee River | 1,504 km |
935 miTennessees, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentuckym | 35°57′33″N 83°51′01″W / 35.95917°N 83.85028°W | Ohio River | 37°04′02″N 88°33′53″W / 37.06722°N 88.56472°W | 105,870 km2 |
40,880 mi22,000 m3/s |
71,000 ft3/s|
13 | Canadian River | 1,458 km |
906 miColorados, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahomam | 37°01′11″N 105°04′33″W / 37.01972°N 105.07583°W | Arkansas River | 35°27′12″N 95°01′58″W / 35.45333°N 95.03278°W | 122,070 km2 |
47,130 mi2174 m3/s |
6,100 ft3/s|
14 | Brazos River | 1,390 km |
860 miTexass, m | 33°16′07″N 100°00′37″W / 33.26861°N 100.01028°W | Gulf of Mexico | 28°52′33″N 95°22′42″W / 28.87583°N 95.37833°W | 115,566 km2 |
44,620 mi2249 m3/s |
8,800 ft3/s|
15 | Green River | 1,230 km |
760 miWyomings, Colorado, Utahm | 43°09′13″N 109°40′18″W / 43.15361°N 109.67167°W | Colorado River | 38°11′21″N 109°53′07″W / 38.18917°N 109.88528°W | 116,200 km2 |
44,900 mi2172 m3/s |
6,100 ft3/s|
16 | Pecos River | 1,175 km |
730 miNew Mexicos, Texasm | 35°58′34″N 105°33′29″W / 35.97611°N 105.55806°W | Rio Grande | 29°41′59″N 101°22′17″W / 29.69972°N 101.37139°W | 113,960 km2 |
44,000 mi22 m3/s |
71 ft3/s|
17 | White River (Arkansas) | 1,159 km |
720 miArkansass, m, Missouri | 35°50′20″N 93°36′16″W / 35.83889°N 93.60444°W | Mississippi River | 33°57′05″N 91°04′53″W / 33.95139°N 91.08139°W | 72,189 km2 |
27,872 mi2979 m3/s |
34,600 ft3/s|
18 | James River |
1,140 km |
710 miNorth Dakotas, South Dakotam | 47°28′53″N 99°51′32″W / 47.48139°N 99.85889°W | Missouri River | 42°52′17″N 97°17′26″W / 42.87139°N 97.29056°W | 54,240 km2 |
20,942 mi224.2 m3/s |
854 ft3/s|
19 | Kuskokwim River | 1,130 km |
702 miAlaskas, m | 63°05′16″N 154°38′33″W / 63.08778°N 154.64250°W | Bering Sea | 60°04′59″N 162°20′02″W / 60.08306°N 162.33389°W | 124,319 km2 |
48,000 mi21,900 m3/s |
67,000 ft3s|
20 | Cimarron River | 1,123 km |
698 miOklahomas, m, Colorado, Kansas | 36°54′24″N 102°59′12″W / 36.90667°N 102.98667°W | Arkansas River | 36°10′14″N 96°16′19″W / 36.17056°N 96.27194°W | 50,540 km2 |
19,510 mi242 m3/s |
1,500 ft3/s|
21 | Cumberland River | 1,120 km |
696 miKentuckys, m, Tennessee | 36°50′42″N 83°19′26″W / 36.84500°N 83.32389°W | Ohio River | 37°08′36″N 88°24′27″W / 37.14333°N 88.40750°W | 46,430 km2 |
17,930 mi2862 m3/s |
30,400 ft3/s
|
22 | Yellowstone River | 1,091 km |
678 miWyomings, Montana, North Dakotam | 43°59′18″N 109°55′45″W / 43.98833°N 109.92917°W | Missouri River | 47°58′42″N 103°58′56″W / 47.97833°N 103.98222°W | 182,336 km2 |
70,400 mi2362 m3/s |
12,800 ft3/s|
23 | North Platte River | 1,070 km |
665 miColorados, Wyoming, Nebraskam | 40°38′23″N 106°24′19″W / 40.63972°N 106.40528°W | Platte River | 41°06′50″N 100°40′33″W / 41.11389°N 100.67583°W | 90,352 km2 |
34,885 mi221.9 m3/s |
770 ft3/s|
24 | Milk River | 1,005 km |
625 miAlberta, Montanas, m | 48°51′20″N 113°01′10″W / 48.85556°N 113.01944°W | Missouri River | 48°03′26″N 106°19′07″W / 48.05722°N 106.31861°W | 57,839 km2 |
22,332 mi218.9 m3/s |
670 ft3/s|
25 | Ouachita River | 974 km |
605 miArkansass, Louisianam | 31°41′56″N 94°19′57″W / 31.69889°N 94.33250°W | Black River | 31°37′53″N 91°48′25″W / 31.63139°N 91.80694°W | 64,454 km2 |
24,886 mi2843 m3/s |
29,800 ft3/s|
26 | St. Lawrence River | 965 km |
600 miNew Yorks, Ontarios, Quebecm | 44°05′55″N 76°23′28″W / 44.09861°N 76.39111°W | Gulf of St. Lawrence | 49°40′00″N 64°30′00″W / 49.66667°N 64.50000°W | 1,600,000 km2 |
620,000 mi212,600 m3/s |
440,000 ft3/s|
27 | Gila River | 960 km |
600 miNew Mexicos, Arizonam | 33°10′47″N 108°12′22″W / 33.17972°N 108.20611°W | Colorado River | 32°43′11″N 114°33′19″W / 32.71972°N 114.55528°W | 149,832 km2 |
57,850 mi26 m3/s |
210 ft3/s|
28 | Sheyenne River | 951 km |
591 miNorth Dakotas, m | 47°41′46″N 100°29′52″W / 47.69611°N 100.49778°W | Red River of the North | 47°01′25″N 96°49′31″W / 47.02361°N 96.82528°W | 23,000 km2 |
8,800 mi28.2 m3/s |
288 ft3/s|
29 | Tanana River | 940 km |
584 miAlaskas, m | 63°02′57″N 141°51′52″W / 63.04917°N 141.86444°W | Yukon River | 65°09′38″N 151°57′37″W / 65.16056°N 151.96028°W | 114,000 km2 |
44,000 mi21,185 m3/s |
41,800 ft3/s|
30 | Smoky Hill River | 927 km |
576 miColorados, Kansasm | 38°57′01″N 102°34′49″W / 38.95028°N 102.58028°W | Kansas River | 39°03′36″N 96°48′04″W / 39.06000°N 96.80111°W | 49,900 km2 |
19,260 mi243.7 m3/s |
1,542 ft3/s|
31 | Niobrara River | 914 km |
568 miWyomings, Nebraskam |
42°49′15″N 104°38′50″W / 42.82083°N 104.64722°W | Missouri River | 42°45′58″N 98°02′50″W / 42.76611°N 98.04722°W | 32,600 km2 |
12,600 mi249 m3/s |
1,700 ft3/s|
32 | Little Missouri River | 900 km |
560 miWyomings, Montana, South Dakota, North Dakotam | 44°32′25″N 104°59′57″W / 44.54028°N 104.99917°W | Missouri River | 47°36′38″N 102°52′24″W / 47.61056°N 102.87333°W | 21,500 km2 |
8,310 mi213 m3/s |
450 ft3/s|
33 | Sabine River | 890 km |
553 miTexass, Louisianam | 32°48′29″N 95°55′14″W / 32.80806°N 95.92056°W | Gulf of Mexico | 29°59′08″N 93°47′26″W / 29.98556°N 93.79056°W | 25,268 km2 |
9,756 mi2238 m3/s |
8,400 ft3/s|
34 | Red River of the North | 890 km |
550 miNorth Dakotas, Minnesotas, Manitobam | 46°15′52″N 96°35′55″W / 46.26444°N 96.59861°W | Lake Winnipeg | 50°23′47″N 96°48′39″W / 50.39639°N 96.81083°W | 287,500 km2 |
111,000 mi2236 m3/s |
8,300 ft3/s|
35 | Des Moines River | 845 km |
525 miMinnesotas, Missouri, Iowam | 44°05′02″N 95°41′17″W / 44.08389°N 95.68806°W | Mississippi River | 41°22′52″N 91°25′21″W / 41.38111°N 91.42250°W | 31,127 km2 |
12,018 mi2182 m3/s |
6,400 ft3/s|
36 | White River (Missouri River) | 815 km |
506 miNebraskas, South Dakotam | 42°41′10″N 103°50′14″W / 42.68611°N 103.83722°W | Missouri River | 43°42′50″N 99°28′01″W / 43.71389°N 99.46694°W | 26,418 km2 |
10,200 mi216 m3/s |
570 ft3/s|
37 | Trinity River | 815 km |
506 miTexass, m | 32°47′54″N 96°53′52″W / 32.79833°N 96.89778°W | Galveston Bay | 29°44′35″N 94°42′12″W / 29.74306°N 94.70333°W | 46,540 km2 |
17,970 mi2222 m3/s |
7,800 ft3/s|
38 | Wabash River | 810 km |
503 miOhios, Indianam, Illinoism | 40°21′07″N 84°45′57″W / 40.35194°N 84.76583°W | Ohio River | 37°47′53″N 88°01′38″W / 37.79806°N 88.02722°W | 85,340 km2 |
32,950 mi228 m3/s |
1,001 ft3/s
Map
See also
- List of longest rivers in the United States by state
- List of longest streams of Idaho
- List of longest streams of Minnesota
- List of longest streams of Oregon
- List of rivers by length