Leptocleidus facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Leptocleidus |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Leptocleidus capensis | |
Scientific classification  |
|
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Superorder: | †Sauropterygia |
| Order: | †Plesiosauria |
| Family: | †Leptocleididae |
| Genus: | †Leptocleidus Andrews, 1922 |
| Species | |
|
|
| Synonyms | |
|
|
Leptocleidus is an extinct genus of plesiosaur, belonging to the family Leptocleididae.
Etymology
In short, the term Leptocleidus means "slender clavicle". It comes from a merge of the Greek words λεπτοσ, meaning "slender" and κλειδ (also spelled κλεισ) meaning clavicle.
Description
With large clavicles and interclavicle and small scapulae, Leptocleidus resembled the Early Jurassic Rhomaleosaurus and members of the Cretaceous family, Polycotylidae. The animal had 21 teeth on either side of its maxilla and approximately 35 teeth on each side of the mandible. The Leptocleidus' triangle-shaped skull had a crest running from a ridge on the end of the nose to the nasal region. Differing from other pliosaurids, Leptocleidus had single-headed cervical ribs and a deep depression in the centra of the neck vertebrae. Leptocleidus was on an average of 3 meters (10 feet) long. Leptocleidus superstes however, was found to be almost 50% smaller (1.5m, 5 ft) making it the smallest known species.
Distribution and habitat
Leptocleidus, unlike many pleisiosaurs, lived in shallow lagoons and likely visited brackish and fresh water systems (such as the mouths of large rivers). This led Arthur Richard Ivor Cruickshank to infer that this movement to fresh water was an attempt to flee larger plesiosaurs and pliosaurs. Most species are known from The British Isles but L. capensis was discovered in Cape Province, South Africa.
Species
Leptocleidus is known from the following sediments:
- L. capensis is known from the Sundays River Formation (Valanginian age), Cape Province, South Africa.
- L. clemai found near Kalbarri in the Carnarvon Basin (Hauterivian-Barremian age) Western Australia.
- L. superstes is known from the Upper Weald Clay (Barremian age), Sussex, England.
A specimen from the Vectis Formation (lower Aptian age), Isle of Wight, found in 1995 and seen as a "Leptocleidus sp.", was named as a separate genus Vectocleidus in 2012.
Cladogram based on Ketchum and Benson (2011):
| Leptocleididae |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Images for kids
-
Size compared to a human
See also
In Spanish: Leptocleidus para niños
