Chea Sim facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Samdech Akka Moha Thomma Pothisal Chea Sim GCRS NM
ជា ស៊ីម
Sim in 2012
President of the Senate
In office 25 March 1999 – 8 June 2015
Monarch	Norodom Sihanouk Norodom Sihamoni
Vice President	Sisowath Chivan Monireak Poa Bunsry Tep Ngorn Say Chhum
Preceded by	Office re-established Saukam Khoy (1975)
Succeeded by	Say Chhum
President of the Cambodian People's Party
In office 17 October 1991 – 8 June 2015
Deputy	Hun Sen
Preceded by	Heng Samrin as General Secretary
Succeeded by	Hun Sen
Minister of Interior
In office 7 January 1979 – 27 June 1981
Prime Minister	Pen Sovan
President of the National Assembly
In office 6 October 1993 – 25 November 1998
Monarch	Norodom Sihanouk
Preceded by	Son Sann
Succeeded by	Norodom Ranariddh
In office 27 June 1981 – 14 June 1993
President	Heng Samrin Himself
Preceded by	Nuon Chea as President of the Standing Committee
Succeeded by	Son Sann
President of the Council of State
In office 6 April 1992 – 14 June 1993
Prime Minister	Hun Sen
Preceded by	Heng Samrin
Succeeded by	Norodom Sihanouk
Member of Parliament for Phnom Penh
In office 14 June 1993 – 27 July 2008
Personal details
Born	(1932-11-15)15 November 1932 Romeas Haek, Svay Rieng, Cambodia, French Indochina
Died	8 June 2015(2015-06-08) (aged 82) Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Political party	Cambodian People's Party
Spouse	Nhem Soeun
Military service
Allegiance	Cambodia
Branch/service	Royal Cambodian Army
Rank	Five-Star General

Chea Sim (Khmer: ជា ស៊ីម; 15 November 1932 – 8 June 2015) was a Cambodian politician. He was President of the Cambodian People's Party from 1991 to 2015, President of the National Assembly of Cambodia from 1981 to 1998 (Vice President from June to October 1993) and President of the Senate from 1999 to 2015. His official title was Samdech Akka Moha Thomma Pothisal Chea Sim (Khmer: សម្តេចអគ្គមហាធម្មពោធិ៍សាល ជា ស៊ីម).

Life and career

Chea Sim was born on 15 November 1932, in Romeas Haek, Svay Rieng Province to an ethnic Chinese family. As a young man, he partook in one of the first revolutionary movement by the communist Khmer People's Revolutionary Party (Khmer: គណបក្សប្រជាជនបដិវត្តន៍កម្ពុជា, KPRP), currently the ruling party of Cambodia. The movement which he joined was against Colonial France in the early 1950s. He later became a military commander of the communist Khmer Rouge even before it finally toppled the US-backed Lon Nol government in 1975.

Like Heng Samrin and Hun Sen, he defected in 1978 from the Khmer Rouge, which was backed by China, and fled to Vietnam to join an anti-Khmer Rouge movement known as a resistance faction groomed by Vietnam. He later held positions in the new party and People's Republic of Kampuchea government, installed and backed by Vietnam after it invaded Cambodia and ousted the Khmer Rouge in 1979. He was among the founding members of the United Front for the National Salvation of Kampuchea, the Vietnam-backed group that defeated the Khmer Rouge in 1979.

Chea Sim was considered an important figure when negotiations happened, resulting in the 1991 Paris Peace Accord, which brokered a deal supposed to end three decades of civil war and paved the way for the U.N.-organized elections in 1993. After the elections, even though the royalist FUNCINPEC party topped the polls at that time, Hun Sen insisted that it share power with his Cambodian People's Party, and four years later grabbed the sole power for his Cambodia People's Party.

From 6 April 1992 to 14 June 1993, Chea Sim served as the nation’s interim leader (Chairman of the Council of State) before Cambodia became a constitutional monarchy. He also acted as Head of State on behalf of King Norodom Sihanouk for brief periods in 1993, 1994, 1995 and 2004. Sihanouk awarded Chea Sim the honorary title of Sâmdech in 1993.

After the King announced his permanent abdication on October 7, 2004, Chea Sim once again became acting Head of State. In the same year, he was escorted out of the country after refusing to sign off as acting head of state on changing the constitution, which would eventually help the CPP and the Funcinpec parties form a coalition government under the deal between Hun Sen and prince Norodom Ranariddh.

Many saw it as the first-ever public display of power struggle and infighting between Hun Sen and Chea Sim. Subsequently, Hun Sen continued his tactic of replacing Chea Sim's loyalists with his favourite candidates for important roles in the party and government. Chea Sim had led a powerful faction within the ruling CPP party which was at times at odds with Hun Sen and his supporters, but many describe Sim’s role after that as little more than symbolic.

Illness and death

Chea Sim left the position of acting Head of State on 14 October 2004, when Norodom Sihamoni became king. He was absent from the 63rd anniversary celebrations of the CPP in June 2014, following years in which age and illness from high blood pressure, diabetes, and other chronic ailments forced him to back away from his roles and receive medical care in Vietnam. The Phnom Penh Post reported that Hun Sen was publicly referred to as “acting CPP president” for the first time at the anniversary event. In the months leading to his death, Chea Sim's signature continued to appear on documents passed by the Senate, of which he was President, but which was in practice presided over by his Deputy President, Say Chhum.

He died on 8 June 2015. His Majesty Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia, signed a royal decree to establish a commission to organize the funeral of Chea Sim. The commission was chaired by Heng Samrin, President of the National Assembly along with three vice chairmen, including Prime Minister Hun Sen; Say Chhum, Acting President of Senate; Kong Sam Ol, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Royal Palace. Cambodia scheduled a formal mourning ceremony for Chea Sim for 19 June 2015.

See also

In Spanish: Chea Sim para niños

• People's Republic of Kampuchea