American Indian Wars facts for kids
Quick facts for kids American Indian Wars |
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 An 1899 chromolithograph of US cavalry pursuing American Indians (artist unknown) |
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American Indians (1540–1924) First Nations (1540–1924) Inuit (1542–1924) Aleut (1743–1924) Yupik (1784–1924)
 Métis (1799–1924)Provisional Government of Saskatchewan (1885) |
Republic of Indian Stream (1832–1835)
 Dominion of Newfoundland (1907–1924) |
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The American Indian Wars (also known as the Indian Wars or the First Nations Wars; French: Guerres des Premières Nations) is the name for the various battles that were fought by European, American, and Canadian governments and colonists against various American Indian and First Nation tribes. These conflicts happened in North America from the time of the earliest colonial settlements in the 17th century until the 1920s. The various Indian Wars resulted from a wide variety of factors, including cultural differences, land disputes, and crimes committed by both sides. The European powers and their colonies also enlisted Indian tribes to help them do war against each other's colonial settlements.
After the American Revolution, many conflicts were local to specific states or regions. The conflicts were usually about disputes over land use; some had cycles of violent actions. The British Royal Proclamation of 1763, included in the Constitution of Canada, banned white settlers from taking the lands of native peoples in Canada without signing a treaty with them. It is still law in Canada today, and 11 Numbered Treaties, limited the number of conflicts.
As white settlers went west across America after 1780, the size, length of time, and intensity of conflicts increased between settlers and various Indians. The biggest came in the War of 1812, which resulted in the defeat of major Indian coalitions in the Midwest and the South. Conflict with settlers happened less, and treaties became more common. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 allowed the US government to remove natives from east of the Mississippi River to the west. The west was what the government believed to be empty American frontier. (Many tribes had a lot of territory in this area, however.) The federal US policy of removal was eventually changed in the West. It was changed to relocating Indian tribes to specially designated and federally protected reservations.
Images for kids
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Siege of Fort Detroit during Pontiac's Rebellion in 1763
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The abduction of Jemima Boone by Shawnee in 1776
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The Battle of Fallen Timbers
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Treaty of Fort Jackson with the Creeks, 1814
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Attack of the Seminoles on the blockhouse in December 1835
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Marines searching for the Seminoles among the mangroves
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Battles, army posts, and the general location of tribes in the American West
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Quanah Parker, son of a Comanche Chief and a Texas settler; his family's story spans the history of the Texas–Indian wars
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Wagon Box Fight, near Fort Phil Kearny, 1867
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Settlers escaping the Dakota War of 1862
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The Battle of Prairie Dog Creek (August 21, 1867) ended the Army's offensive operations on the Kansas frontier for the year.
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A cartoon from Harper's Weekly of December 21, 1878 features General Philip Sheridan and Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz
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U.S. cavalry attacking an Indian village
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Custer and Bloody Knife (kneeling left), Custer's favorite Indian Scout
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Buffalo Soldiers of the 25th Infantry Regiment, 1890
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See also
In Spanish: Guerras Indias para niños
