Manchuria facts for kids

Manchuria (located in red)

Manchuria (Northeast China) is the homeland of the Manchu people. To the Chinese, the region is simply known as the Northeast (Chinese: 东北, Dōngbĕi). Manchuria is made up of China's three northeastern most provinces: Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang. Parts of Manchuria were annexed by the Russian Empire in the past, and they are now ruled by Russia.

The name “Manchuria” comes from a Japanese version of the Chinese word Manzhou (Chinese: 滿洲, Mǎnzhōu).

History

In the early history, Manchuria was under the control of many Chinese kingdoms. Later, the Manchu people formed their own empire called Jurchen. They eventually invaded China and founded the Manchu Qing Dynasty.

Although the Manchus, who at the time ruled China, signed a treaty with Russia, the Russians took advantage of the weak Qing government and annexed the part that touches the Pacific Ocean, where the modern Chinese city of Dalian stands today. Japan then attacked the Russians to take this important piece of land. Later, Japan invaded the Chinese part of Manchuria too (see Manchukuo). This eventually led to World War II.

After the war, Manchuria was handed over to China by the Soviet Union.

Geography

Manchuria is in north-east China and the Russian Far East. The land has rocks, grasslands, mountains, and deserts. The weather is very extreme. It is very hot and humid in the summer, and is very cold and dry in the winter.

Images for kids

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  1900s map of Manchuria, in pink

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  Climate map of Manchuria or Northeast China.

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  Hailang River near Hailin City in Heilongjiang

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  A 12th-century Jurchen stone tortoise in today's Ussuriysk

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  The Three Kingdoms of Korea occupied roughly half of Manchuria, 5th century AD

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  The Mongol Yuan province of Liaoyang included northern Korea

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  Manchuria is the homeland of the Jurchens who became the Manchus.

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  A Jurchen man hunting from his horse, from a 15th-century ink-and-color painting on silk

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  The Manchu-led Qing dynasty circa 1820. Later Jin area in purple line

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  Map showing the original border (in pink) between Manchuria and Russia according to the Treaty of Nerchinsk 1689, and subsequent losses of territory to Russia in the treaties of Aigun 1858 (beige) and Peking 1860 (red)

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  Harbin's Kitayskaya Street (Russian for "Chinese Street"), now Zhongyang Street (Chinese for "Central Street"), before 1945

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  1940 Manchukuo visa issued at Hamburg

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  Map of Manchukuo (1933–1945)

See also

In Spanish: Manchuria para niños