List of threatened mammals of Brazil facts for kids

The marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is a vulnerable species according to ICMBio and IUCN.

There are more than 700 species of mammals in Brazil, and according to the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation and Brazil's Ministry of the Environment, about 110 species and subspecies are threatened and one is extinct. The Brazilian definition of "threatened species" uses the same criteria and categories established by IUCN. Among the 12 mammal orders which occur in Brazil, eleven have threatened species, except Lagomorpha (which has only one species in Brazil, the Brazilian cottontail). Although the rodents have been the most diverse order of mammals, the order with most species on this list is the Primates (34 species).

This list of threatened species was published in Diário Oficial da União, on December 17, 2014. Even though some species have been removed from the list, (for instance, the humpback whale), the number of threatened species has increased in comparison with the former list (which had had 69 species). The Brazilian tapir, the white-lipped peccary, the short-eared dog and many rodents have been included in the list. Many of them are just regionally threatened. In spite of using the same criteria, ICMBio list often shows a different conservation status than IUCN. That is because the assessments were done at different times by different researchers.

Most Brazilian mammals are considered to be vulnerable. In contrast with the former list, one species is considered extinct (Vespucci's rodent) and two might be extinct in Brazil (black-shouldered opossum and candango mouse; "probably extinct" - PEx).

Threatened mammals of Brazil - ICMBio (2014)
See also

Threatened mammals of Brazil - ICMBio (2014)

Order Didelphimorphia (opossums)

The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is a vulnerable species.

The giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus) is a vulnerable species.

Family Didelphidae

Caluromysiops irrupta (black-shouldered opossum) - ICMBio status PEx
Marmosops paulensis (Brazilian slender opossum) - ICMBio status
Thylamys macrurus (Paraguayan fat-tailed mouse opossum) - ICMBio status
Thylamys velutinus (dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum) - ICMBio status

Order Pilosa (anteaters and sloths)

Family Bradypodidae (three-toed sloths)

Bradypus torquatus (maned sloth) - ICMBio status

Family Myrmecophagidae (anteaters)

Myrmecophaga tridactyla (giant anteater) - ICMBio status

Order Cingulata (armadillos)

Family Dasypodidae

Priodontes maximus (giant armadillo) - ICMBio status
Tolypeutes tricinctus (Brazilian three-banded armadillo) - ICMBio status

Order Chiroptera (bats)

Family Furipteridae (smoky bats)

Furipterus horrens (thumbless bat) - ICMBio status

Family Natalidae (funnel-eared bats)

Natalus macrourus (Brazilian funnel-eared bat) - ICMBio status

Family Phyllostomidae (New World leaf-nosed bats)

Glyphonycteris behnii (Behn's bat) - ICMBio status
Lonchophylla aurita - ICMBio status
Lonchophylla dekeyseri (Dekeyser's nectar bat) - ICMBio status
Xeronycteris vieirai (Vieira's long-tongued bat) - ICMBio status

Family Vespertilionidae (vesper bats)

Eptesicus taddeii - ICMBio status

Order Primates (monkeys, marmosets, tamarins)

The black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) is an endangered species from São Paulo inland.

The southern muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides) is an endangered species from the Serra do Mar coastal forests from São Paulo and Paraná.

The golden-bellied capuchin (Sapajus xanthosternos) is a critically endangered species from the Bahia coastal forests.

Family Atelidae (howlers, spider and woolly monkeys, muriquis)

Alouatta belzebul (red-handed howler) - ICMBio status
Alouatta discolor (Spix's red-handed howler) - ICMBio status
Alouatta guariba clamitans (southern brown howler) - ICMBio status
Alouatta guariba guariba (northern brown howler) - ICMBio status
Alouatta ululata (Maranhão red-handed howler) - ICMBio status
Ateles belzebuth (white-bellied spider monkey) - ICMBio status
Ateles chamek (Peruvian spider monkey) - ICMBio status
Ateles marginatus (white-cheeked spider monkey) - ICMBio status
Brachyteles arachnoides (southern muriqui) - ICMBio status
Brachyteles hypoxanthus (northern muriqui) - ICMBio status
Lagothrix cana cana (gray woolly monkey) - ICMBio status
Lagothrix lagothricha (brown woolly monkey) - ICMBio status
Lagothrix poeppigii (silvery woolly monkey) - ICMBio status

Famlily Callitrichidae (tamarins and marmosets)

Callithrix aurita (buffy-tufted marmoset) - ICMBio status
Callithrix flaviceps (buffy-headed marmoset) - ICMBio status
Leontopithecus caissara (Superagui lion tamarin) - ICMBio status
Leontopithecus chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarin) - ICMBio status
Leontopithecus chrysopygus (black lion tamarin) - ICMBio status
Leontopithecus rosalia (golden lion tamarin) - ICMBio status
Mico rondoni (Rondon's marmoset) - ICMBio status
Saguinus bicolor (pied tamarin) - ICMBio status
Saguinus niger (black tamarin) - ICMBio status

Family Cebidae (capuchins and squirrel monkeys)

Cebus kaapori (Kaapori capuchin) - ICMBio status
Saimiri vanzolinii (black squirrel monkey) - ICMBio status
Sapajus cay (Azaras's capuchin) - ICMBio status
Sapajus flavius (blond capuchin) - ICMBio status
Sapajus robustus (crested capuchin) - ICMBio status
Sapajus xanthosternos (golden-bellied capuchin) - ICMBio status

Family Pitheciidae (titis, saki monkeys and uakaris)

Cacajao hosomi (Neblina uakari) - ICMBio status
Callicebus barbarabrownae (Barbara Brown's titi) - ICMBio status
Callicebus coimbrai (Coimbra Filho's titi) - ICMBio status
Callicebus melanochir (coastal black-handed titi) - ICMBio status
Callicebus personatus (Atlantic titi) - ICMBio status
Chiropotes satanas (black bearded saki) - ICMBio status
Chiropotes utahicki (Uta Hick's bearded saki) - ICMBio status

Order Carnivora (cats, dogs and relatives)

The jaguar (Panthera onca) is a vulnerablefelid.

The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachiurus) is a vulnerable canid.

Family Canidae (dogs)

Atelocynus microtis (short-eared dog) - ICMBio status
Chrysocyon brachyurus (maned wolf) - ICMBio status
Lycalopex vetulus (hoary fox) - ICMBio status
Speothos venaticus (bush dog) - ICMBio status

Family Mustelidae (otters)

Pteronura brasiliensis (giant otter) - ICMBio status

Family Felidae (cats)

Leopardus colocolo (colocolo) - ICMBio status
Leopardus geoffroyi (Geoffroy's cat) - ICMBio status
Leopardus guttulus (southern tigrina) - ICMBio status
Leopardus tigrinus (oncilla) - ICMBio status
Leopardus wiedii (margay) - ICMBio status
Puma concolor (cougar) - ICMBio status
Puma yagouaroundi (jaguarundi) - ICMBio status
Panthera onca (jaguar) - ICMBio status

Order Cetacea (whales and dolphins)

The southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) is an endangered species.

The Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) is a vulnerable river dolphin from the Amazon basin.

Family Balaenidae (whales)

Eubalaena australis (southern right whale) - ICMBio status

Family Balaenopteridae (rorquals)

Balaenoptera musculus (blue whale) - ICMBio status
Balaenoptera physalus (fin whale) - ICMBio status
Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale) - ICMBio status

Family Delphinidae (dolphins)

Sotalia guianensis (Guiana dolphin) - ICMBio status

Family Iniidae (river dolphins)

Inia geoffrensis (Amazon river dolphin) - ICMBio status

Family Physeteridae (sperm whales)

Physeter macrocephalus (sperm whale) - ICMBio status

Family Pontoporiidae (river dolphins)

Pontoporia blainvillei (La Plata dolphin) - ICMBio status

Order Sirenia (manatees)

The West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) is critically endangered in Brazil.

The Brazilian tapir (Tapirus terrestris) is the only Brazilian odd-toed ungulate and it is a vulnerable species.

Family Trichechidae

Trichechus inunguis (Amazonian manatee) - ICMBio status
Trichechus manatus (West Indian manatee) - ICMBio status

Order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

Family Tapiridae (tapirs)

Tapirus terrestris (Brazilian tapir) - ICMBio status

Order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The pygmy brocket (Mazama nana) is a brocket deer from southern Brazil and it is a critically endangered species.

The white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) is vulnerable species in Brazil.

Family Cervidae (deers)

Blastocerus dichotomus (marsh deer) - ICMBio status
Mazama bororo (small red brocket) - ICMBio status
Mazama nana (pygmy brocket) - ICMBio status
Ozotoceros bezoarticus bezoarticus (Pampas deer) - ICMBio status
Ozotoceros bezoarticus leucogaster (Pampas deer) - ICMBio status

Family Tayassuidae (peccaries)

Tayassu pecari (white-lipped peccary) - ICMBio status

Order Rodentia (rodents)

The rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris) is vulnerable species.

Family Caviidae (cavies)

Cavia intermedia (Santa Catarina's guinea pig) - ICMBio status
Kerodon acrobata (acrobatic cavy) - ICMBio status
Kerodon rupestris (rock cavy) - ICMBio status

Family Cricetidae (New World rats and mice)

Akodon mystax (Caparaó grass mouse) - ICMBio status
Cerradomys goytaca - ICMBio status
Euryoryzomys lamia (buffy-sided oryzomys) - ICMBio status
Gyldenstolpia planaltensis - ICMBio status
Juscelinomys candango (candango mouse) - ICMBio status PEx
Microakodontomys transitorius (transitional colilargo) - ICMBio status
Noronhomys vespuccii (Vespucci's rodent) - ICMBio status
Oligoryzomys rupestris - ICMBio status
Rhipidomys cariri (Cariri climbing mouse) - ICMBio status
Rhipidomys tribei (yellow-bellied climbing mouse) - ICMBio status
Thalpomys cerradensis (Cerrado mouse) - ICMBio status
Thalpomys lasiotis (hairy-eared Cerrado mouse) - ICMBio status
Wilfredomys oenax (greater Wilfred's mouse) - ICMBio status

Family Ctenomyidae (tuco-tucos)

Ctenomys bicolor - ICMBio status
Ctenomys flamarioni (Flamarion's tuco-tuco) - ICMBio status
Ctenomys lami (Lami tuco-tuco) - ICMBio status
Ctenomys minutus (tiny tuco-tuco) - ICMBio status

Family Echimyidae

Callistomys pictus (painted tree-rat) - ICMBio status
Phyllomys lundi (Lund's Atlantic tree-rat) - ICMBio status
Phyllomys unicolor (short-furred Atlantic tree-rat) - ICMBio status
Phyllomys brasiliensis (orange-brown Atlantic tree-rat) - ICMBio status
Phyllomys thomasi (giant Atlantic tree-rat) - ICMBio status
Trinomys eliasi (Elias' Atlantic spiny rat) - ICMBio status
Trinomys moojeni (Moojen's Atlantic spiny rat) - ICMBio status
Trinomys mirapitanga (dark-caped Atlantic spiny rat) - ICMBio status
Trinomys yonenagae (Yonenaga's Atlantic spiny rat) - ICMBio status

Family Erethizontidae (New World porcupine)

Chaetomys subspinosus (bristle-spined rat) - ICMBio status
Coendou speratus - ICMBio status