Joseph Lycett facts for kids

Joseph Lycett, The residence of Edward Riley Esquire, Wooloomooloo, Near Sydney N. S. W., 1825, hand-coloured aquatint and etching printed in dark blue ink. Australian print in the tradition of British decorative production.

Joseph Lycett (c.1774 – 1828) was a portrait and miniature painter, active in Australia. Transported to Australia for forging banknotes, Lycett found work in the colony as a painter specialised in topographical views of the major towns of Australia, and some of its more dramatic landscapes.

Early life

Lycett was born in Staffordshire, England, where he became a botanical artist. By 1810, Lycett was described by others as an engraver and as a drawer; he was also noted as being a painter of portraits and miniatures. Lycett had a de facto wife, Mary Stokes, known as Mary Lycett.

Convict years

Newcastle

Lycett was convicted of forgery on 10 August 1811, having been prosecuted by the injured party: the Bank of England. He was transported to Australia, sailing aboard the General Hewitt and arriving in Sydney on 7 February 1814. Lycett's first employment in Australia was as an artist for Absalom West and he reported in the October 1814 muster as a limner (painter). West left the colony in December 1814 and Lycett had to find a new position; by May 1815 Lycett was employed in the police office. At this time Sydney was flooded by hundreds of skilfully forged 5 shilling bills drawn on the postmaster. They were traced to Lycett, who was found in possession of a small copper-plate press. Lycett was sent to Newcastle on the Lady Nelson, where he came to the attention of the commandant of the settlement, Captain James Wallis. Lycett drew up the plans for a church which Wallis projected and, when it was built in 1818, he painted the altar piece; he is said to have also produced the three-light window which still survives in the bishop's vestry of Newcastle Cathedral. On the recommendation of the commandant, Captain James Wallis of the 46th Regiment, Lycett was given a conditional pardon. While there he also painted Corroboree at Newcastle, the first known oil painting to depict an Aboriginal corroboree at night. This painting has also been attributed to Wallis. Lycett painted at least 14 scenes depicting traditional cultural practices of the Awabakal people. The "Chief of the Newcastle tribe", Burigon, is shown in at least one of the works of the convict engraver, Walter (or William) Preston, which were based on Lycett’s drawings.

Collectors' Chests

Collector's chest featuring Lycett's paintings. The chest is believed to have been presented to Lachlan Macquarie by Captain James Wallis, ca. 1818

Captain James Wallis also involved Lycett in the design of two cedar and rosewood timber chests displaying natural history specimens from the Newcastle area. Lycett was responsible for painting eight of the twelve panels on these chests which depict views of Newcastle as well as copies of William Westall's Views of Australian Scenery. It is strongly believed that Wallis presented one of these chests to Governor Lachlan Macquarie as a gift around the year of 1818. The other chest's initial provenance is unknown, but it was purchased by William Dixson in London in 1937 and later bequeathed to the State Library of New South Wales where Macquarie's chest is also held.

Sydney

Lycett returned to Sydney and was allowed to practice his art, and in 1820 Governor Macquarie sent three of his paintings including a large view of Sydney to Earl Bathurst. It is generally believed that the absolute pardon which Lycett received on 28 November 1821 was a reward for these pictures. Many of his patrons seem to have been drawn from the military and public service elite, and included Commissioner John Thomas Bigge, his secretary Thomas Hobbes Scott, and Macquarie's aide-de-camp John Watts.

Lycett had possibly married in the colony, for on 21 June 1822 he advertised in The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser that he intended to leave accompanied by his two daughters, Mary Ann and Emma. They sailed together in the Shipley on 8 September 1822.

Views in Australia

Lycett, J. (1824). Views in Australia, or, New South Wales & Van Diemen's Land delineated : In fifty views with descriptive letter press ... by J. Lycett. London, J. Souter., MRB/ F980.1/ L

Although his later publication Views in Australia suggests Lycett also visited Tasmania, there is no evidence of his actually travelling there. He returned to England in September 1822, having been granted an absolute pardon. With publisher John Souter, between July 1824 and June 1825 he issued Views in Australia, or New South Wales and Van Diemens Land in 13 parts published monthly, each with two aquatint views of New South Wales and two of Van Diemen's Land, with descriptive letterpress, and a supplement with maps of both colonies. By permission the series was dedicated to Bathurst. The parts began to appear in July 1824 at 7s. plain and 10s. 6d. coloured. With its complicated publishing history, the extent of Lycett's involvement in the entire production is unclear, and it does seem that the book was not successful. These views were reissued in a volume in 1825, that was reprinted in 1971. The 50 plates are coloured in some copies and plain in others.

Death

By 1827, Lycett had apparently resumed his criminal activities. In October 1827, he was apprehended for banknote forgery by the police. During the arrest, he deliberatly wounded himself and was put under medical care.

It was for some time considered that he would recover. Subsequently, however, he became gradually worse. Lycett died in Birmingham Hospital on 9 February 1828 and was buried in St Mary's Churchyard, Birmingham.

See also

The property of the late Mr James Squires, Kissing Point, New South Wales. Creator Lycett, Joseph, ca. 1775-1828.

• List of convicts transported to Australia