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John Henry Foley
Foley, John Henry.jpg
John Henry Foley in 1863, by Ernest Edwards
Born 24 May 1818
Dublin, Ireland
Died 27 August 1874(1874-08-27) (aged 56)
Hampstead, London
Resting place St. Paul's Cathedral, London
Nationality Irish
Alma mater Royal Academy Schools
Known for Sculpture

John Henry Foley RA (24 May 1818 – 27 August 1874), often referred to as J. H. Foley, was an Irish sculptor, working in London. he is best known for his statues of Daniel O'Connell in Dublin, and of Prince Albert for the Albert Memorial in London.

Life

Foley was born 24 May 1818, at 6 Montgomery Street, Dublin, in what was then the city's artists' quarter. The street has since been renamed Foley Street in his honour. His father was a glass-blower and his step-grandfather Benjamin Schrowder was a sculptor. At the age of thirteen he began to study drawing and modelling at the Royal Dublin Society, where he took several first-class prizes. In 1835 he was admitted to the Royal Academy Schools in London. He exhibited at the Royal Academy for the first time in 1839, and came to fame in 1844 with his Youth at a Stream. Thereafter commissions provided a steady career for the rest of his life. In 1849 he was made an associate, and in 1858 a full member of the Royal Academy of Art.

When, in 1851, inspired by the recently closed Great Exhibition, the Corporation of London voted a sum of £10,000 to be spent on sculpture to decorate the Egyptian Hall in the Mansion House, Foley was commissioned to make sculptures of Caractacus and Egeria.

John Henry Foley P2530
Foley by C. F. Foley, 1840s

In 1864 he was chosen to sculpt one of the four large stone groups, each representing a continent, at the corners of George Gilbert Scott's Albert Memorial in Kensington Gardens. His design for Asia was approved in December of that year. In 1868, Foley was also asked to make the bronze statue of Prince Albert himself, to be placed at the centre of the memorial, following the death of Carlo Marochetti, who had originally received the commission, but had struggled to produce an acceptable version.

Foley exhibited at the Royal Academy between 1839 and 1861. Further works were shown posthumously in 1875. His address is given in the catalogues as 57, George St., Euston Square, London until 1845, and 19, Osnaburgh Street from 1847.

Foley died at his home "The Priory" in Hampstead, north London on 27 August 1874, and was buried in the crypt at St. Paul's Cathedral on 4 September. He left his models to the Royal Dublin Society, where he had his early artistic education, and a large part of his property to the Artists' Benevolent Fund. He did not see the Albert Memorial completed before his death. A statue of Foley himself, on the front of the Victoria and Albert Museum, depicts him as a rather gaunt figure with a moustache, wearing a floppy cap.

Pupils

Foley's pupil Thomas Brock brought several of Foley's works to completion after his death, including his statue of Prince Albert for the Albert Memorial. Foley's articled pupil and later studio assistant Francis John Williamson became a successful sculptor in his own right, reputed to have been Queen Victoria's favourite. Other pupils and assistants were Charles Bell Birch, Samuel Ferris Lynn, Charles Lawes, and Richard Belt.

Destruction of works in Ireland

Following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922, a number of Foley's works were removed, or destroyed without notice, because the persons portrayed were considered hostile to the process of Irish independence. They included those of Lord Carlisle, Lord Dunkellin (in Galway) and Field Marshal Gough in the Phoenix Park. The statue of Lord Dunkellin was decapitated and dumped in the river as one of the first acts of the short-lived "Galway Soviet" of 1922.

Gallery

Works

Notable works by Foley include:

In London:

In Ireland:

Elsewhere:

  • Statue in memory of George Howard, the 7th Earl of Carlisle. Brampton Cumbria 1869 (another version in Dublin was blown up by IRA 1956)
  • Hermaphroditus or Youth at the stream (1844), cast in bronze by J. Hadfield for The Great Exhibition of 1851. Now at Bancroft Gardens in Stratford-upon-Avon. According to a plaque which accompanies it, the statue was donated to the gardens by Alfred Bullard in 1932.
  • Lord Clyde (1868), Glasgow.
  • Clive, Shrewsbury.
  • Viscount Hardinge an equestrian statue, completed in 1857 for Calcutta. Removed from its original site in 1950 it was returned to England and set up on a Hardinge family property at Penshurst, Kent. It was later relocated to the garden of a house in Over, Cambridgeshire.
  • Canning (1874) for Calcutta. A bronze equestrian statue, completed posthumously from Foley's small model by Thomas Brock and which was moved to Barrackpore in 1969.
  • Sir James Outram (1864), for Calcutta. Originally at the Maidan, now in the garden of the Victoria Memorial.
  • Memorial to the lawyer James Stuart (1854) for Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).
  • Stonewall Jackson, Richmond, Virginia.
  • John Fielden (1869), Centre Vale Park, Todmorden.

Noteworthy

The Hereford Times makes special mention of John Henry Foley on 24 May 1873 in the published memoriam of Victorian era artist, Charles Lucy: "Mr. Foley, the eminent sculptor, has taken a cast of the head and face of the deceased, whose fine expressive features are described as singularly beautiful in death." However, whether Mr. Foley made a sculpture from this cast remains to be seen.

See also

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