Image: Ichthyovenator laosensis life reconstruction by PaleoGeek

Description: Rigorous life reconstruction of the spinosaurid theropod Ichthyovenator laosensis. References: Fossil material: Allain et al. (2012).[1] National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo.File:Ichthyovenator_laosensis.jpgFile:Ichthyovenator_vertebrae.jpg[2] Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.File:Ichthyovenator_laosensis_65849.jpg Tail fin: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.File:Ichthyovenator_laosensis_65849.jpg Arden et al. (2018).[3] Allain (pers. comm.). Basis for spinosaurine classification and resulting inferences: Allain et al. (2014).[4] Arden et al. (2018).[5] Head based on Irritator challengeri, "Angaturama", Oxalaia quilombensis, and Spinosaurus aegyptiacus: Sales and Schultz (2017).[6] Ibrahim et al. (2020).[7]" Hands and arms based on "Angaturama", Suchomimus tenerensis, and Baryonyx walkeri: Aureliano et al. (2018).[8] Francisco Bruñén (2018).[9] Scott Hartman (2018).[10] Torso, legs, and missing sail and tail anatomy based on Spinosaurus aegyptiacus, Romualdo Formation Spinosaurinae, and Suchomimus tenerensis: Ibrahim et al. (2020).[11]" Aureliano et al. (2018).[12] Francisco Bruñén (2018).[13] Feet based on Spinosaurus aegyptiacus and Portuguese Spinosauridae indet. tracks: Ibrahim et al. (2014) (supplementary materials).[14] Casanovas et al. (1993)[15] Throat pouch/dewlap based on those seen in living aquatic dinosaurs and crocodilians: Pelecanus conspicillatus (Australian pelicans):File:Australian_Pelican_showing_large_pouch.jpg Alligator mississippiensis (American alligators):[16] Speculative colouration based on living aquatic (and some terrestrial) dinosaurs, as well as other animals with similar semiaquatic or marine lifestyles, including: Upupa epops (hoopoes):[17] Aptenodytes forsteri (emperor penguins):File:Aptenodytes_forsteri_-Snow_Hill_Island,_Antarctica_-adults_and_juvenile-8.jpg Carcharhinus melanopterus (blacktip reef sharks):File:Carcharhinus_melanopterus_bora_bora.png Paleosuchus trigonatus (smooth-fronted caimans):File:Paleosuchus-trigonatus.jpg Lophodytes cucullatus (hooded mergansers):File:Hooded_Merganser_(Lophodytes_cucullatus)_(1).JPG Branta ruficollis (red-breasted geese):File:Red-breasted_goose_arp.jpg
Title: Ichthyovenator laosensis life reconstruction by PaleoGeek
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