Image: Approximate extension of Alodia based on accounts of Ibn Hawqal

Description: Initially based on map IX from the book "The Kingdom of Alwa" (see the first four versions of the map to see the faithful copy).[1] The original map had several problems, so I decided to modify it. 1) Zarroug had Alodia extend as far west as Darfur. However, there is still virtually no archaeological evidence supporting this assumption.[2] 2) The exact nothern border is still desputed; it is generally placed between Abu Hamad and the confluence of the Nile and the Atbara.[3] 3) Zarroug shows all regions west of the Nile as part of Alodia. However, the traveller Ibn Hawqal explicitly stated that parts of the region west of the White Nile were part of Makuria. The Nuba mountains were probably part of Alodia, hence I included stripes and a question mark for the area between the confluence of the two Niles and the Nuba mountains.[4] 4) There is little evidence that the Bayuda desert (between ed Debba and Omdurman) was part of either Makuria or Alodia.[5] ↑ Mohi el-Din Abdalla Zarroug (1991): "The Kingdom of Alwa". Calgary. ↑ David Edwards (2004): "The Nubian Past. An Archaeology of the Sudan". Routledge. p. 254 ↑ Derek Welsby (2014): "The Kingdom of Alwa" in "The Fourth Cataract and Beyond". Peeters. ↑ Jay Spaulding (1998): "Early Kordofan" in "Kordofan Invaded: Peripheral Incorporation in Islamic Africa". Brill. p. 49 ↑ Tim Karberg, Angelika Lohwasser (2018): "The Wadi Abu Dom Itinerary (W.A.D.I.) Survey Project" in "Bayuda Studies. Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Archaeology of the Bayuda Desert in Sudan". Harrassowitz.
Title: Approximate extension of Alodia based on accounts of Ibn Hawqal
Credit: Own work
Author: LeGabrie
Usage Terms: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Attribution Required?: Yes