Henrietta Ponsonby, Countess of Bessborough facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
The Countess of Bessborough
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1793 portrait by Angelica Kauffman
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| Personal details | |
| Born | 16 June 1761 Wimbledon, London |
| Died | 11 November 1821 (aged 60) Florence |
| Spouse | Frederick Ponsonby, 3rd Earl of Bessborough |
| Children | John Ponsonby, 4th Earl of Bessborough Sir Frederick Ponsonby Lady Caroline Lamb William Ponsonby, 1st Baron de Mauley George Ponsonby Harriet Osborne, Baroness Godolphin |
| Parents | John Spencer, 1st Earl Spencer Margaret Georgiana Poyntz |
Henrietta Ponsonby, Countess of Bessborough (16 June 1761 – 11 November 1821), born Lady Henrietta Frances Spencer (generally called Harriet), was the wife of Frederick Ponsonby, 3rd Earl of Bessborough; the couple were the parents of Lady Caroline Lamb. Her father, John Spencer, 1st Earl Spencer, was a great-grandson of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. Her sister was Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire.
Biography
Early life
Being the youngest child, Harriet was often left in England when her parents and older sister Georgiana would visit the continent for her father's health. As a child, Harriet was frail and sickly, which led her mother Lady Spencer, Georgiana Spencer, Countess Spencer to send her abroad for schooling, thinking that foreign air would help strengthen her. However, she grew into a young woman of unique beauty and good nature. She was keenly intelligent, with a perceptive eye for the people around her, and a well-read wit. Her friends valued her kind, gentle disposition and her quiet self-assurance.
Marriage
On 27 November 1780, Harriet married Frederick Ponsonby, Frederick Ponsonby, 3rd Earl of Bessborough, an Anglo-Irish nobleman who was at the time the Viscount Duncannon and later became the 3rd Earl of Bessborough. Harriet and Duncannon had four children: John William, later 4th Earl of Bessborough; Frederick Ponsonby; Lady Caroline Lamb, and William Ponsonby, who became the 1st Baron de Mauley.
Their marriage was turbulent as he was abusive. Duncannon and Harriet once were on the brink of divorce, which in the 18th century was social ruin for women. Harriet narrowly escaped such calamity only when Duncannon's father William Ponsonby, 2nd Earl of Bessborough and the powerful Cavendish clan sided with her.
Like most of the Ton (le bon ton), Duncannon and Harriet were gamblers. The couple compiled ruinous debt over the course of their marriage. When he would lose, Duncannon would erupt into rages that terrified his wife. Duncannon's gambling rages made Harriet's family fearful for her safety.
Perhaps chastened by time and age, by 1820 Duncannon rather miraculously ceased his abuse, and he and Harriet eventually settled into a companionable marriage.
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Affairs
Harriet had numerous lovers during her marriage; as she once remarked, "I can never love anyone just a little". Among her more notable lovers were Richard Brinsley Sheridan, the playwright and Whig politician, and Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Granville, who was the love of her life.
Her affair with Granville produced two illegitimate children: Harriet Emma Arundel Stewart, wife of George Godolphin Osborne, 8th Duke of Leeds (though she died in 1852 before he succeeded to the title), and George Stewart. Harriet managed to hide her pregnancies from her husband; this was less difficult in an era when the aristocracy might make extended visits of many months abroad or to friends' country homes. She later sadly remarked that she had "loved [Granville] to idolatry for seventeen years". However, she came to believe that he loved her least of all the men in her life, "although I once believed otherwise". Recognizing his need to marry for purposes of his political career, she did not oppose, and in fact, facilitated Granville's marriage to her niece, Lady Harriet Cavendish ('Harryo') in 1809.
Friends and admirers
Of her younger admirers, her favourite was The Honourable William Lamb (who succeeded as The 2nd Viscount Melbourne in 1828), although he then fell in love with her daughter Caroline. Although Harriet was anxious for Caroline to marry early, she had misgivings (which would come to be entirely justified) as to whether William and Caroline were well suited; in addition, she and William's mother Elizabeth Lamb, Viscountess Melbourne, detested each other (Harriet referred to the shrewd and coldly pragmatic Lady Melbourne as "the Thorn"). However, due to her fondness for William, she gave her consent to their marriage.
A loyal friend, Harriet was one of Richard Sheridan's last remaining friends. In 1802, Sheridan's characteristic despicable behaviour took an even more sinister turn, and he began harassing Harriet. By 1805, Sheridan's harassment of Harriet escalated into sending her threatening anonymous letters; as they had been longtime friends and former lovers, Harriet quickly deduced the author's identity as Sheridan's from his handwriting. Sheridan accosted Harriet in public and made a scene any chance he could, reproaching her for not loving him enough and declaring his undying love for her. Despite his cruelty towards her, Harriet was kind to him on his deathbed in 1816. In return, Sheridan grasped her hand hard and told her he would haunt her after his death. Harriet, petrified, asked why, having persecuted her all his life, he was determined to continue his persecution after death. "Because I am resolved you shall remember me." After enduring a few more minutes of his terror, Harriet fled the room. Three days later, Richard Brinsley Sheridan died alone.
Harriet had an acute understanding of politics and often accompanied her sister to political events as well as soirees. She was also very close to her sister Georgiana's best friend, Lady Elizabeth Foster, with whom she often was seen in public.
Death
Harriet died on 11 November 1821, in Florence, Italy at the age of 60, following the death of her youngest grandchild, Henry, in Parma. According to Lord David Cecil, she died peacefully and without regrets, worn out as she was by a life of emotional turmoil. He describes her as a woman of "indescribable distinction."
