First Nations in New Brunswick facts for kids
The First Nations of New Brunswick, Canada number more than 16,000, mostly Miꞌkmaq and Maliseet (Wolastoqiyik). Although the Passamaquoddy maintain a land claim at Saint Andrews, New Brunswick and historically occurred in New Brunswick, they have no reserves in the province, and have no official status in Canada.
List of First Nations
New Brunswick is home to 15 First Nations.
| Name as used by Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada |
Ethnic/national group |
Population (July 2021) | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| On reserve | Off reserve | Total | |||
| Buctouche MicMac | Miꞌkmaq | 80 | 42 | 122 | |
| Eel Ground | Miꞌkmaq | 593 | 483 | 1,076 | |
| Eel River Bar | Miꞌkmaq | 362 | 441 | 803 | |
| Elsipogtog | Miꞌkmaq | 2,738 | 761 | 3,499 | |
| Esgenoopetitj (Burnt Church) | Miꞌkmaq | 1,382 | 559 | 1,941 | |
| Fort Folly | Miꞌkmaq | 35 | 101 | 136 | |
| Indian Island | Miꞌkmaq | 112 | 100 | 212 | |
| Kingsclear | Maliseet | 739 | 325 | 1,064 | |
| Madawaska Maliseet | Maliseet | 163 | 217 | 380 | |
| Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq | Miꞌkmaq | 465 | 237 | 702 | |
| Oromocto | Wolastoqiyik | 342 | 460 | 802 | |
| Pabineau | Miꞌkmaq | 105 | 238 | 343 | |
| Saint Mary's | Wolastoqiyik | 940 | 1,084 | 2,024 | |
| Tobique | Maliseet | 1,594 | 976 | 2,570 | |
| Woodstock | Maliseet | 301 | 854 | 1,155 | |
| Total population | 9,951 | 6,878 | 16,829 | ||
List of Indian reserves
New Brunswick is home to 32 Indian reserves, of which 18 are recognized as census subdivisions by Statistics Canada.
| Name as used by Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada |
First Nation(s) | Ethnic/national group |
Tribal council |
Treaty | Area | Population | Notes & references | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ha | acre | 2016 | 2011 | % difference |
||||||
| Big Hole Tract 8 (North Half) | Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 1,396.2 | 3,450.1 | ||||
| Big Hole Tract 8 (South Half) | Eel Ground | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 1,740.2 | 4,300.1 | 48 | 34 | 41.2% | |
| Buctouche 16 | Buctouche MicMac | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 62.3 | 153.9 | 96 | 85 | 12.9% | |
| Buctouche Micmac Band Extension | Buctouche MicMac | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 89.6 | 221.4 | ||||
| Devon 30 | Saint Mary's | Wolastoqiyik | Wolastoqey Tribal Council | n/a | 125.9 | 311.1 | 1,038 | 864 | 20.1% | |
| Eel Ground 2 | Eel Ground | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 1,072.8 | 2,650.9 | 532 | 448 | 18.8% | |
| Eel River 3 | Eel River Bar | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 122.0 | 301.5 | 329 | 320 | 2.8% | |
| Esgenoôpetitj | Esgenoopetitj | Miꞌkmaq | Mawiw Council Incorporated | n/a | 985.4 | 2,435.0 | 1,179 | 1,046 | 12.7% | |
| Fort Folly 1 | Fort Folly | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 56.1 | 138.6 | 40 | 48 | -16.7% | |
| Indian Island 28 | Indian Island | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 38.4 | 94.9 | 138 | 97 | 42.3% | |
| Indian Point 1 | Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 41.2 | 101.8 | ||||
| Indian Ranch | Eel River Bar | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 45.7 | 112.9 | 89 | 60 | 48.3% | |
| Kingsclear 6 | Kingsclear | Maliseet | Wolastoqey Tribal Council | n/a | 374.7 | 925.9 | 493 | 490 | 0.6% | |
| Metepenagiag Urban Reserve 3 | Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 19.9 | 49.2 | ||||
| Metepenagiag Urban Reserve 8 | Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 3.6 | 8.9 | ||||
| Metepenagiag Uta'nk | Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 1.1 | 2.7 | ||||
| Moose Meadows 4 | Eel River Bar | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 404.7 | 1,000.0 | ||||
| Oinpegitjoig | Pabineau | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 18.6 | 46.0 | ||||
| Oromocto 26 | Oromocto | Wolastoqiyik | Wolastoqey Tribal Council | n/a | 100.7 | 248.8 | 282 | 286 | -1.4% | |
| Pabineau 11 | Pabineau | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 429.1 | 1,060.3 | 134 | 141 | -5% | |
| Pokemouche 13 | Esgenoopetitj | Miꞌkmaq | Mawiw Council Incorporated | n/a | 151.4 | 374.1 | ||||
| Red Bank 4 | Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 1,457.0 | 3,600.3 | 309 | 352 | -12.2% | |
| Red Bank 7 | Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 1,011.7 | 2,500.0 | ||||
| Renous 12 | Eel Ground | Miꞌkmaq | North Shore Micmac District Council | n/a | 10.0 | 24.7 | ||||
| Richibucto 15 | Elsipogtog | Miꞌkmaq | Mawiw Council Incorporated | n/a | 1,956.2 | 4,833.9 | 1,937 | 1,985 | -2.4% | |
| Soegao No. 35 | Elsipogtog | Miꞌkmaq | Mawiw Council Incorporated | n/a | 130.1 | 321.5 | ||||
| St Basile 10 | Madawaska Maliseet | Maliseet | Wolastoqey Tribal Council | n/a | 344.8 | 852.0 | 214 | 205 | 4.4% | |
| St. Mary's 24 | Saint Mary's | Wolastoqiyik | Wolastoqey Tribal Council | n/a | 1.0 | 2.5 | ||||
| Tabusintac 9 | Esgenoopetitj | Miꞌkmaq | Mawiw Council Incorporated | n/a | 3,268.7 | 8,077.1 | 10 | 10 | 0% | |
| The Brothers 18 | Kingsclear Madawaska Maliseet Tobique Woodstock |
Maliseet | Wolastoqey Tribal Council Wolastoqey Tribal Council Mawiw Council Incorporated — |
n/a | 4.0 | 9.9 | ||||
| Tobique 20 | Tobique | Maliseet | Mawiw Council Incorporated | n/a | 2,724.0 | 6,731.2 | 968 | 1,039 | -6.8% | |
| Woodstock 23 | Woodstock | Maliseet | — | n/a | 159.8 | 394.9 | 327 | 345 | -5.2% | |
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First Nations in New Brunswick Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.