Edward Rolle facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Edward Rolle
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Arms of Rolle: Or, on a fesse dancetté between three billets azure each charged with a lion rampant of the first three bezants
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| Born | 27 April 1703 Meeth, Devon, England
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| Died | 30 June 1791 (aged 88) Meeth, Devon, England
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| Resting place | Berwick Saint John, Hampshire, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Education | Winchester College |
| Alma mater | New College, Oxford |
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| Spouse(s) | Elizabeth Eyre |
| Relatives | George Rolle (great-great-great grandfather) |
Edward Rolle (27 April 1703 – 30 June 1791), known with affectionate admiration as the Captain or Captain Rolle, was an English author, poet, and Anglican vicar.
Rolle was "one of a little group of New College men whose essays in verse enjoyed a temporary existence in miscellany". He built a strong alliance with other Winchester and New College alumni in the south and west of England: Christopher Pitt, Edward Young, and others, as well as Magdalen College alumnus Joseph Spence, who once described him as "a lazy, lath-gutted fellow, with a wezel-face."
Early life and education
Edward Rolle was born on 27 April 1703 and baptised on 7 May 1703 in Meeth, Devon. He was the youngest child of Robert Rolle of Meeth, a great-great grandson of George Rolle, and Margaret Rolle (née Martyn), who married in 1699. The Rolles were already an established family in Devon and would become the biggest landowners in the West Country.
Rolle attended Winchester College and matriculated from New College, Oxford on 10 July 1723; he was a fellow of New College from 1723 to 1755. Rolle earned his Bachelor of Arts in 1727, his Master of Arts in 1730, and his Bachelor of Divinity in 1758. While at New College, he held a sermon on The Rights of Primogeniture in the New College Chapel, as mentioned in John Mulso's Letters to Gilbert White.
The younger of the two, Rolle acted, more than once, as Joseph Spence's deputy in the Poetry-Professorship at Oxford.
Travels
Rolle and his New College fellows recorded their travels in the form of letters, which were later published and archived.
Published in the Egerton Collection are several letters of correspondence between Edward Rolle and Joseph Spence during the latter's three travels abroad, from December 1730 to July 1733, and from May 1737 to November 1741 (with a break). A letter from Spence to his mother on 16 November 1732 details the extent to which Rolle had, through the interest of his cousin Henry Rolle M.P., got "a pretty little living... which he can hold with New College. 'Tis in Devonshire, within three miles of the place where he was born, and there's a pretty little newfashion'd house upon it."
Before earning his Bachelor of Divinity in the summer of 1753, Rolle himself was abroad: travelling to Venice, Padua, and Florence, he had crossed the Alps and arrived at Mainz; Rolle was then preparing to descend the Rhine to Spa and Amsterdam. His intention was to go through Holland and so visit Brussels and Calais. His companion, Mr. W., was paying expenses. These travels are described by Rolle in a letter to Spence on pages 443 to 446 in Spence's own Observations, Anecdotes, and Characters, of Books and Men. Two other letters by Rolle, written from his Devonian benefice to Spence, are in the same volume.
Rolle and Spence were both friends of the Rev. Christopher Pitt, translator of Virgil, whom they visited at his parsonage house of Pimperne, near Blandford, in Dorset. A letter from Pitt on 4 January 1736 speaks of his imitations of Horace, including one addressed to Rolle, which had been printed.
Church career
In 1755, Rolle was nominated by Oxford's New College to the rectory of Berwick Saint John in Wiltshire, which he accepted. In 1758, he was appointed to the vicarage of Moorlinch in Somerset and he was collated on 9 May 1771 to the prebendal stall of Yetminster Secunda in Salisbury Cathedral. These three preferments he held until his death.
In 1761, Rolle was offered the living of Sarsden in Oxfordshire, wherein he would exchange the rectory of Berwick Saint John for another New College benefice with which it would be tenable. The suggestion came to nothing and Rolle remained at Berwick, retaining his faculties until the end of his long life. Until his wife's death, in 1788, when his curates began assisting him, Rolle had for thirty years discharged all the duties of the parish without a prolonged holiday. A manuscript volume in the care of a future rector exhibits Rolle as a devoted clergyman, noting customs of the place, his services to the church, and his role in educating the village children.
Personal life
On 22 September 1755 at the age of 52, Rolle married Elizabeth Eyre in Wootton Saint Lawrence. She died on 21 November 1788 at the age of 68, and was buried at Berwick Saint John on 28 November. Rolle himself died on 30 June 1791 at the age of 88, and was buried there on 7 July. A large lias tombstone near the north door of the church records their names. Rolle erected a cenotaph for his wife and himself on the east wall of the south choir-aisle in 1789. The bells of the church were recast by him in 1767, and a new parsonage house for the benefice was built after his death, partly with money from his estate.
Rolle was one of the three executors to Joseph Spence's will in 1768.
Works
- The Duty of Employing one's Self. An EPISTLE.
- LIFE burthensome, because we know not how to use it. An EPISTLE.
- On SCRIBLING against GENIUS. An EPISTLE.
- The POWER of POETRY.
- To a Young Lady with FONTENELLE'S Plurality of Worlds.
Of the seven poems under Spence's name which are reprinted from the Oxford University sets of verses in Nichols's collection of poetry, the second pair were by Rolle.
