Andranik Ozanian facts for kids

Andranik Toros Ozanian, national hero of Armenia.

Andranik Toros Ozanian, or Zoravar Andranik, (February 25, 1865 – August 31, 1927) was an Armenian military general and freedom fighter. He was seen by Armenian people as a national hero.

Biography

He was born in Şebinkarahisar, Ottoman Armenia (present-day Giresun Province, Turkey). After losing his wife and son at an early age, he joined the Armenian freedom movement in the Ottoman Empire, and participated in various political parties.

Andranik participated in the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913, within the Bulgarian army, alongside general Garegin Njdeh as a commander of Armenian auxiliary troops of 1912-1913. After his arrest and jailed; he spent some time in Istanbul. During World War I, he participated in the Caucasus Campaign and was appointed as general of the Armenian volunteer units of the Russian army. He participated in 20 different offensives where he gained fame due to his courage and the tactics he came up with to defeat the opposing forces.

He was the commanding officer of the Armenian volunteer units, which helped the Van Resistance take control of the Van on May 6, 1915. He helped re-capture the city from Ottoman forces during the Battle of Van. He was also the commander of the battalion that took the city of Bitlis (see: Battle of Bitlis) from the Ottoman forces that was under control of Mustafa Kemal.

After declaration of Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA), he organized volunteer units against the Ottoman army, and fought alongside those units. Declaration of Treaty of Batum was in diffuse as Andranik, was fighting against the Ottoman Empire with his army. He refused to accept the borders stated by the treaty. His activities were concentrated at the link between Ottoman Empire to Azerbaijan Democratic Republic at Karabakh, Zanghezur and Nakhichevan. Ozanian struck back at the Ottoman Fronts, Army of Islam.

Andranik, tried several times to seize Shusha. Just before the Armistice of Mudros was signed, Andranik was on the way from Zangezur to Shusha, to control the main city of Nagorno-Karabakh. In January 1919 Armenian troops advancing, the British forces (Lionel Dunsterville) ordered Andranik back to Zangezur, and gave him the assurances that this conflict can be solved with the Paris Peace Conference, of 1919.

In 1919 he left Armenia in order not to take part in the political struggles for power in the recent Republic of still those its opinions contradicting policy to carry Armenia for the last time and went oneself into exile to Fresno, California, United States.

He immigrated to Fresno, California. Andranik Ozanian lived in Fresno for 18 years until his death on August 31, 1927. His remains were moved to Paris in 1928, and returned to Armenia in 1999, where he was buried at the Yerablur military cemetery.

Images for kids

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  Undated photo of Andranik. The text on the flag is from the poem The Song of an Italian Girl by Nalbandian, which became Armenia's national anthem): Death is the same everywhere/ A man dies but once/ Blessed is the one that dies/ For the freedom of his nation.

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  Andranik on his horse, early 1900s

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  The New York Times report on the battle

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  The Holy Apostles Monastery of Mush

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  The location of the Sasun uprising (orange) and the Bitlis Vilayet (yellow).

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  Andranik in Bulgarian army c. 1913

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  Armenian volunteers under Andranik during the Balkan War

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  Andranik as the commander of the first Armenian volunteer battalion

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  Andranik with his men during World War I

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  The greatest extent of the Russian occupation of Turkish Armenia during World War I, September 1917. The area was reoccupied by the Turks between February and April 1918.

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  Republic of Armenia delegation to the United States. Andranik is second from the bottom right.

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  Andranik with the commanders of the Special Striking Division in Zangezur, 1918

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  Andranik with the Military Council of Goris, 1918

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  Andranik with his men and two archbishops in Etchmiadzin just before leaving Armenia, April 1919

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  Andranik Ozanian and Hovhannes Tumanyan in Tiflis

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  Andranik Ozanian with General Jaques Bagratuni and Hovhannes Katchaznouni and Armenian military personnel in the United States, 1919

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  Andranik's wedding in Paris, 1922

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  Andranik's grave in Père Lachaise Cemetery, Paris

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  Andranik's grave at Yerablur cemetery

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  General Andranik on the cover of the French magazine L'Image, 1919

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  An equestrian statue of Andranik near the Saint Gregory Cathedral in central Yerevan

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  An equestrian statue of Andranik in Gyumri.

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  Lord Kitchener Wants You-influenced poster depicting Andranik. The caption reads "Chase the holy dream of your people".

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  A comic by Stookie Allen depicting Andranik, New York Journal-American, 1920

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  Legion of Honour Officer certificate of Andranik

See also

In Spanish: Andranik Ozanian para niños